Yang Zhang1, , ,
1University of Montenegro, Faculty for Sport and Physical Education, Niksic, Montenegro
2
Optimizing Ice Slurry Ingestion for Endurance Performance in the Heat: A Meta-Analysis
J. Anthr. Sport Phys. Educ. 2019, 3(1), 3-8 | DOI: 10.26773/jaspe.190101
Abstract
Ice slurry ingestion is a simple cooling intervention purported to improve endurance performance. Despite its popularity in the field, a recent meta-analysis suggested this intervention has no performance effect. The aim of the present meta-analysis was to determine the effect of ice slurry ingestion on endurance performance in the heat. Data for this meta-analysis were retrieved from the PubMed. Effect sizes were calculated as the standardized mean difference (Hedges’ g), and meta-analyses were completed using a random-effects model. A method-of-moments meta-regression was used to determined confounding factors. Sixteen studies using randomized controlled trials with a total of 152 subjects were included. Improvement in endurance performance in the heat was moderate: g=0.54 (95% confidence interval, 0.30-0.77, p<0.001). There was a significant dose effect associated with the endurance performance (p=0.024); moreover, the performance effects of ice slurry ingestion were not influenced by the timing of ingestion or environmental conditions. These data support the ingestion of ice slurry during endurance events in the heat. To optimize this simple cooling strategy in the field, it is recommended to ingest no more than 10 g · kg−1 before or during exercise.
Keywords
Cooling, Thermoregulation, Time to Exhaustion, Systemic Review
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